Neutron is a particle in the atom, like proton, but it has no charge.
When a star much bigger and massive dies, it explodes in the most violent event in the cosmos, as a supernova. It is not massive enough to collapse in to a black hole, the star need to be about 3-8 times the mass of our sun. Any heavier and it will create a black hole, any lighter and it becomes a white dwarf.
The death of the star begins when it runs out of fuel at its core. Hydrogen and helium runs out, and the core of the star starts to callapse under gravity. The core collapses and compresses so much that even the strong nuclear force gives up and the electrons collapse into protons and create, dadaa... neutrons. So, the neutron star is in essence, a big star crushed into a ball of neutrons, about the size of a city, 10-12km across.
One teaspoon of neutron star material would weigh about same amout as the Mt. Everest!
Rendering of a neutron star. Lines visible in the picture show the monstrous magnetic field caused by the superfluids at the core.
Picture taken from ScienceBlog
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